The Hidden Dangers of Respiratory Infections in Premature Infants

Premature birth presents a number of challenges, especially when it comes to a baby’s respiratory health. Quoting the https://pafikutaikab.org/registrasi news release Infants born before 37 weeks of pregnancy often arrive with lungs that are not yet fully developed, making them much more vulnerable to respiratory infections. Doctors warn that even common illnesses can pose serious risks for these babies, particularly in their first months of life.

According to neonatologist Dr. Maya Ellison, the lungs of premature infants lack the maturity needed to function like those of full-term babies. “Preterm infants have fewer air sacs and limited surfactant—a substance that helps keep the airways open,” she explained. “This makes breathing harder and increases their susceptibility to infections.”

Respiratory infections such as RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), bronchitis, and pneumonia are among the most concerning threats. While these illnesses may cause mild symptoms in older children, premature babies can experience more severe complications. Their smaller airways can become blocked more easily, and their immune systems are still developing, making it harder for them to fight off viruses or bacteria.

One of the biggest concerns is RSV, a highly contagious virus that spreads easily through coughing, sneezing, or close contact. In premature infants, RSV can lead to severe inflammation of the lungs and require hospital care. “Parents may think it’s just a cold, but for preterm babies, RSV can quickly turn dangerous,” Dr. Ellison said.

Another hidden risk lies in the long-term impact of early respiratory infections. Studies have shown that premature infants who experience repeated infections may develop chronic lung problems, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This condition can affect a child’s breathing well into early childhood and sometimes beyond. Early prevention, therefore, becomes essential.

Keeping premature babies safe requires careful attention from both healthcare providers and families. Doctors typically advise limiting exposure during the first months, especially in crowded or high-risk environments like malls, public transportation, or daycare settings. Even minor colds among adults or siblings can be harmful to a baby with fragile lungs.

Good hygiene plays a significant role. Parents and caregivers should wash their hands frequently, avoid smoking near the baby, and ensure that anyone who is sick stays away. If the baby is still in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), hospital staff will follow strict protocols to minimize infection risk.

Some premature infants may qualify for preventive medication, such as antibody injections designed to reduce the severity of RSV. While these injections do not eliminate the risk entirely, they offer an added layer of protection during peak infection seasons.

Once the baby returns home, regular check-ups are crucial. Doctors monitor breathing, growth, and overall development to detect any early signs of respiratory issues. Parents are also encouraged to follow routine immunization schedules, which provide additional protection from other infectious diseases.

Although premature babies face higher risks, experts emphasize that early awareness and preventive care can make a meaningful difference. “With the right support and environment, preterm infants can grow stronger and overcome many of these challenges,” Dr. Ellison said.

Understanding the hidden dangers of respiratory infections helps families take the necessary steps to protect their premature infants—ensuring they have the safest possible start in life.

Source: PAFI